Eastern Subterranean Termites

Subterranean termites are one of the most destructive pests homeowners can face, as they cause significant structural damage if left untreated. These termites live underground and are highly adaptable to various environments, making them a common problem in many regions.

Appearance

Subterranean termites are typically small, with workers measuring about 1/8 of an inch in length. They have soft, creamy white bodies and no eyes. The soldier termites are larger, with distinct jaws used for defense. Reproductive termites, known as swarmers, are darker in color and have wings that they shed after mating.

Diet

These termites primarily feed on cellulose, a material found in wood, paper, and other plant-based products. In your home, this means they will consume wooden structures, furniture, insulation, and even books if given the opportunity.

Survival and Behavior

Subterranean termites thrive in moist environments, relying on the humidity in the soil to survive. They build elaborate mud tubes to travel between their underground colonies and their food sources, protecting themselves from open air and predators. These tubes also help them maintain the moisture levels they need to survive.

Subterranean termites live in colonies that can number in the millions, and their survival depends on constant access to moisture and food. They can tunnel through soil and concrete cracks to reach their food sources, making it easy for them to infiltrate homes and buildings.

Damage to Property

The most dangerous aspect of subterranean termites is their ability to cause extensive and costly damage. They eat wood from the inside out, leaving only a thin outer layer intact. This hidden damage can go unnoticed until it becomes severe, potentially weakening the structural integrity of your home. They can cause damage to load-bearing walls, beams, floors, and wooden furniture, leading to costly repairs and even posing safety risks if the damage is significant enough.

Signs of subterranean termite activity include:

• Mud tubes on the exterior of your home or foundation.
• Hollow-sounding wood.
• Discarded termite wings near windows or doors.
• Small pinholes in drywall or wallpaper, with faint bubbling or peeling.

Regular inspections and immediate treatment are essential for protecting your home from these highly destructive pests. If you suspect subterranean termites, contact Ozane to assess the situation and prevent further damage.

Photo credit: National Pest Management Association | Tom Myers